By Ms Varsha Vinod, Speech Therapist, Chennai
We aren’t oblivious to the communication conditions seen post-stroke, like Aphasia or Dysarthria. However, a term that most people aren’t familiar with is Apraxia. Apraxia is defined as a motor speech disorder that makes speaking difficult. In simpler terms, while the patient knows what they want to say, they are unable to do so due to damage to the brain pathways responsible for planning and coordinating speech. Among the two types of apraxia, Acquired AOS is more common among adults. It can occur after a stroke, head injury, or other neurological illnesses.
How to Identify Possibilities of Apraxia?
- Slow and effortful speech
- Difficulty pronouncing long or complex words
- Making inconsistent mistakes in sounds
- Poor and inconsistent tone, rhythm, and rate of speech
- Repetitive movements of the jaws, lips, or tongue repeatedly, before speaking or making a sound
- Excessive pauses between syllables or words
- Improper stress on words
- Problems imitating speech
Communication Tips for Individuals with AOS
- Break long words (shorter chunks are easier to use)
- Speak slowly (taking time to think about what you want to say even before you say it)
- Use facial expressions and gestures (e.g. point to the desired objects, answer with eye pointing and head nod)
- Writing/drawing to communicate
- Rephrasing
- Stay calm
- Consulting a speech therapist
Being a caregiver/family member can be emotionally draining. However, it is crucial to remember that the patient is also experiencing a range of unsaid emotions and the frustration of not being able to express themselves. The most important thing is to be patient and provide them with a safe space to communicate.
