By Sandhiya. P, Occupational Therapist

Designing for Inclusion: The Evolution of Wheelchair Technology

The historical lineage of wheelchair technology traces back to the 5th century BC, with depictions found in Chinese inscriptions and Greek vases. Notably, the first self-propelled wheelchair was developed in 1655, credited to Stephen Farffler, a German watchmaker afflicted with paraplegia.

Since its inception, wheelchair technology has undergone significant advancements, transitioning from passive propulsion mechanisms to self-propelled variants, and eventually to motorized models. Notably, India has embraced innovative solutions, such as motorcycle wheelchairs, to enhance accessibility and improve mobility and independence, thereby promoting community reintegration among wheelchair users.

Navigating the World: Accessibility, Advocacy and Inclusivity

While Google Maps has undoubtedly facilitated the identification of wheelchair-accessible locations, the current availability of such places remains disturbingly limited. This raises significant concerns regarding the adequacy of accessibility provisions for individuals with disabilities.

Thanks to initiatives like the Sugamya Bharath app by the Government’s Accessible India Campaign, and RampMyCity by a private organization, wheelchair accessibility is on the rise in India. Yet, there is still quite a distance to propel toward achieving a barrier-free environment.

Beyond Boundaries: Adventures in Adaptive Sports

India has secured an impressive tally of 111 medals in the Asian Para Games 2023. Our para-athletes are preparing for the Summer Paralympics held in Paris, France, commencing on August 28, 2024.

Tips for Wheelchair Users

  1. Customized wheelchair fit: Prioritize a wheelchair tailored to your body to promote posture and prevent complications.
  2. Regular positioning: Incorporate frequent weight shifting and pressure-relieving techniques to prevent pressure sores.
  3. Maintain good posture: Sit upright to reduce strain on muscles and the spine, fostering long-term well-being.
  4. Regular exercise routine: Strengthen upper limb and back muscles, and maintain shoulder flexibility through targeted exercises.
  5. Skin health maintenance: Regularly inspect for pressure sore signs and opt for comfortable clothing to minimize friction.
  6. Wheelchair maintenance: Routinely check for damage or wear and tear, ensuring optimal performance and safety.
  7. Safe transfer practices: Utilize proper transfer aids and techniques to minimize the risk of falls or injuries.

The Wheelchair Chronicles: HAMSA Stories of Triumph

At HAMSA, our mission has always emphasized fostering independence and mobility, particularly in the realm of wheelchair use.

PATIENT STORY — 01: An individual with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) underwent a remarkable transformation during his 6-week stay at HAMSA Rehab — from being unable to get up from bed, to mastering sitting and transferring to a wheelchair under expert supervision. With determination, he learned to navigate both smooth and rough terrains. With newfound confidence, he has since been discharged and rejoined his work.
PATIENT STORY — 02: Another individual with SCI independently sought therapy at our center, utilizing a motorized wheelchair to travel on the Chennai metro — underscoring the significance of community reintegration and the pivotal role it plays in the rehabilitation process.
“As I look back at life, it is nothing but the power of mind that matters the most… Life is all about conquering the other summit — the summit of the mind.”— Late Major Hari Pal Singh Ahluwalia, Mountaineer, Author & Activist

Advocacy is a collective endeavor, and even the smallest contribution from individuals paves the way for significant change. Let us commit to creating a barrier-free environment, one push at a time, and thereby unlock the freedom for all.

Resources for Wheelchair Users

  • ADIP Scheme: Provides assistive devices like wheelchairs to Persons with Disabilities (PwDs). Administered by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, with a cost-sharing component for children and schools (60% MSJE, 40% Ministry of HRD).
  • ALIMCO: Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India — a Government of India-owned enterprise that manufactures various aids, including wheelchairs.
  • WHO Wheelchair Service Training Package: Manuals and videos available online in English for healthcare professionals and caregivers.
  • Sugamya Bharath App: An initiative of the Accessible India Campaign providing complaint/feedback provisions and guidelines on building environments, ICT, and transport systems for a barrier-free environment.